REST kya hota hai? RESTful APIs kya hote hai? Explained in simple Hindi
REST, yaani "Representational State Transfer," ek architectural style hai jo distributed systems ke design mein istemal hota hai. Roy Fielding ne 2000 mein apne disertation me REST ko define kiya tha. REST principles ko follow karte hue banaye gaye systems ko RESTful systems ya RESTful services kehte hain.
RESTful APIs ko "RESTful" isliye kaha jata hai kyunki ye REST ke principles ko adhere karte hain.
Kuch key principles of RESTful APIs hain:
1. Statelessness: Har request server ke liye ek naya request hota hai, aur server ko client ke state ya previous interactions ke bare mein kuch bhi gyan nahi hota. Isse scalability aur reliability mein sudhar hota hai.
2. Client-Server Architecture: Client aur server alag components hote hain, jo independently develop ho sakte hain. Client server se resource request karta hai aur server resource provide karta hai.
3. Uniform Interface: RESTful APIs ek uniform aur consistent interface provide karte hain. Isme resource identification, manipulation through representations, self-descriptive messages, aur hypermedia as the engine of application state (HATEOAS) shaamil hote hain.
4. Resource-Based: Resources, jaise ki data ya services, unique URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers) ke through identify hote hain. Har resource ke liye ek unique URI hota hai.
5. Representation: Resources ki representation ko client tak convey karne ke liye standard data formats ka istemal hota hai, jaise ki JSON ya XML.
6. Stateless Communication: Communication stateless hoti hai, jisse request-response cycle ko badi asani se scale kiya ja sakta hai.
RESTful APIs ko use karna ek simple aur scalable tareeka hai web services develop karne ka, aur iski wajah se ye bahut lokpriya hai. Iska istemal aksar web development, mobile app development, aur distributed systems mein hota hai.
